• Door Faces and Frames to Walls: Clear contrast between the colour of doors (including doorframes) and the surrounding walls is crucial to help individuals easily identify entry and exit points. This ensures smoother navigation and reduces the risk of accidents.

• Floors to Walls: Distinguishing between floors and walls through contrasting colours and textures is vital for safe movement. This is particularly important in areas with steps, ramps, or changes in elevation, helping to define the boundaries of walking surfaces.

• Ceilings to Walls: Visual contrast between ceilings and walls aids in spatial orientation and depth perception, particularly in large rooms, hallways, or open spaces. It helps individuals with impaired vision to understand the proportions and layout of a room more clearly.

• Handrails to Walls: Handrails must stand out from the surrounding walls, providing a visual cue for support, especially in staircases and corridors. A strong contrast ensures that people with limited vision can easily locate and grip the rail for added safety and stability.

• Sanitary Fittings to Walls: Sanitary fixtures like sinks, toilets, and taps should have a noticeable contrast to the surrounding walls. This helps visually impaired individuals to locate these essential fittings in public restrooms, ensuring independence and ease of use.

• Stair Treads: A contrasting strip of at least 55mm across the front edge of each stair tread and down the riser provides a clear indication of the step’s boundaries. This contrast helps prevent trips and falls, making stairways safer to use for individuals with visual impairments.

Incorporating these visual contrasts, with at least 30 LRV points of difference, enhances the accessibility and safety of public spaces, ensuring compliance with regulations and promoting inclusive design.